Canadian Oil Sands

Slide 1 crude colour smoothen be found in about 70 countries in the world, from Venezuela and Trinidad/Tobago in the Caribbean to as furthest north as Russia. By far, the master(prenominal) deposits argon entertained deep down Cretaceous rocks of Venezuela and Canada, and among these, the largest is the Athabasca oil sands of northeast Alberta. oil color sands consist of bitumen (soluble constituent(a) matter, solid at way temperature) and host sediment, with associated minerals, and excluding any connect graphic gas. How to get the oil/ record learning of the Canadian oil sands industry has a history of everyplace 90 years. In 1913, Sidney Ells organized the first electron compass parties to work on the oil sands, hauling out oer 9 tons of oil sands by scows up the Athabasca River valley. Today, near Fort McMurray, oil sands are corned in open-pit mines by truck-and-shovel operations, in which the worlds largest Caterpillar 797 and 797B trucks have payloads of 380 tons. Oil sand is transported to processing plants, where hot or warm weewee separates the bitumen from the sand, followed by dilution with lighter hydrocarbons and upgrading to SCO - a mixture of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons.

About 20% of the oil sands reserves in Alberta are redeemable by surface mining; in-situ technologies need to be used for the remaining 80% of the oil sands that are buried at depth (>75 m). Oil sands Recovery The oil sands of Alberta are unconsolidated, held together by the pore-filling bitumen. The bitumen is a natural, tar-like mixture of hydrocarbons, that when heated has a consistency of molasses. In its natur! al state, bitumen (density range of 8° to 12° API; at room temperature viscousness >50,000 centipoises) will not flow to a wellbore. In Alberta opposite heavy oil in sand is besides considered as oil sands if located within the oil sand finish areas. heretofore because the pore-fluid is heavy oil and will flow to a well, these deposits are referred to as primary in-situ crude bitumen. The major repugn of...If you compliments to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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